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Batteries
PbA (Lead Acid) | NiMH & NiCd | Li-ion & Li-Poly |
Primary (Disposable)
- WikiPedia:Zinc-carbon battery
- WikiPedia:Alkaline battery
- WikiPedia:Silver-oxide battery
- WikiPedia:Lithium battery
- WikiPedia:Mercury battery
- WikiPedia:Zinc-air battery
Secondary (Rechargeable)
- Lead-acid battery
- Nickel-cadmium battery & Nickel metal hydride battery
- Nickel-zinc battery
- lithium-ion battery & lithium ion polymer battery
- WikiPedia:NaS battery
- Sodium-metal chloride battery
- WikiPedia:Vanadium redox battery
- http://www.zmp.com/ - Zinc Matrix Power
Traction batteries
Traction batteries (secondary batteries or accumulators) are designed to provide power to move a vehicle, such as an electric car or tow motor. To prevent spilling, the electrolyte in some traction batteries is gelled. The electrolyte may also be embedded in a glass wool which is wound so that the cells have a round cross-sectional area (AGM-type). The following types are also in use[1]:
- Zebra NiNaCl (or NaNiCl) battery operating at 270 °C requiring cooling in case of temperature excursions
- NiZn battery (higher cell voltage 1.6 V and thus 25% increased specific energy, very short lifespan)
Lithium-ion batteries are now pushing out NiMh-technology in the sector while for low investment costs the lead-acid technology remains in the leading role[2].
Flow batteries
Flow batteries are a special class of battery where additional quantities of electrolyte are stored outside the main power cell of the battery, and circulated through it by pumps or by movement. Flow batteries can have extremely large capacities and are used in marine applications and are gaining popularity in grid energy storage applications. EVDL_Maillist:2006./2./1016
Battery Calculations
What size and how many batteries do I need?
Given a 96 Volt Flooded Lead Acid battery pack using 16 six volt batteries, what is the formula used to determine voltage & amperage?
In a series string the Volts are additive, in a parallel string the Amps (or amp/hours) are additive.
- So in series, if your batteries are rated for 125 amps, you'll have 6v+6v+6v+6v+6v+6v+6v+6v+6v+etc = 96 volts at 125 amps.
- When you put them in parallel it would be 125a+125a+125a+125a+125a+125a+125a+etc = 2000amps at 6 v.
Battery Charging
Battery Measurements
See Also
- WikiPedia:Category:Electric batteries
- WikiPedia:Category:Rechargeable batteries
- http://freeenergynews.com/Directory/Battery/index.html
Dimension Standards
http://www.definity-systems.net/Transportation/EV/Li-ion/Regular/BCIdimensions.html
BCI GROUP NUMBERS AND DIMENSIONS Contact BCI, 401 N. Michigan ave, Chicago IL 60611-4267, (312) 644-6610 | ||||||
Maximum Overall Dimensions | ||||||
Group # | Millimeters | Inches | ||||
L | W | H | L | W | H | |
21 | 208 | 173 | 222 | 8 3/16 | 6 13/16 | 8 3/4 |
22F | 241 | 175 | 211 | 9 1/2 | 6 7/8 | 8 5/16 |
22HF | 241 | 175 | 229 | 9 1/2 | 6 7/8 | 9 |
22NF | 240 | 140 | 227 | 9 7/16 | 5 1/2 | 8 15/16 |
22R | 229 | 175 | 211 | 9 | 6 7/8 | 8 5/16 |
24 | 260 | 173 | 225 | 10 1/4 | 6 13/16 | 8 7/8 |
24F | 273 | 173 | 229 | 10 3/4 | 6 13/16 | 9 |
24H | 260 | 173 | 238 | 10 1/4 | 6 13/16 | 9 3/8 |
24R | 260 | 173 | 229 | 10 1/4 | 6 13/16 | 9 |
24T | 260 | 173 | 248 | 10 1/4 | 6 13/16 | 9 3/4 |
25 | 230 | 175 | 225 | 9 1/16 | 6 7/8 | 8 7/8 |
26 | 208 | 173 | 197 | 8 3/16 | 6 13/16 | 7 3/4 |
26R | 208 | 173 | 197 | 8 3/16 | 6 13/16 | 7 3/4 |
27 | 306 | 173 | 225 | 12 1/16 | 6 13/16 | 8 7/8 |
27F | 318 | 173 | 227 | 12 1/2 | 6 13/16 | 8 15/16 |
27H | 298 | 173 | 235 | 11 3/4 | 6 13/16 | 6 13/16 |
29NF | 330 | 140 | 227 | 13 | 5 1/2 | 8 15/16 |
33 | 338 | 173 | 238 | 13 5/16 | 6 13/16 | 9 3/8 |
34 | 260 | 173 | 200 | 10 13/16 | 6 13/16 | 7 7/8 |
34R | 260 | 173 | 200 | 10 1/4 | 6 13/16 | 7 7/8 |
35 | 230 | 175 | 225 | 9 1/16 | 6 7/8 | 8 7/8 |
36R | 263 | 183 | 206 | 10 3/8 | 7 1/4 | 8 1/8 |
40R | 277 | 175 | 175 | 10 15/16 | 6 7/8 | 6 7/8 |
41 | 293 | 175 | 175 | 11 3/16 | 6 7/8 | 6 7/8 |
42 | 243 | 173 | 173 | 9 5/16 | 6 13/16 | 6 13/16 |
43 | 334 | 175 | 205 | 13 1/8 | 6 7/8 | 8 1/16 |
45 | 240 | 140 | 227 | 9 7/16 | 5 1/2 | 8 15/16 |
46 | 273 | 173 | 229 | 10 3/4 | 6 13/16 | 9 |
47 | 246 | 175 | 190 | 9 11/16 | 6 7/8 | 7 1/2 |
48 | 306 | 175 | 192 | 12 1/16 | 6 7/8 | 7 9/16 |
49 | 381 | 175 | 192 | 15 | 6 7/8 | 7 3/16 |
50 | 343 | 127 | 254 | 13 1/2 | 5 | 10 |
51 | 238 | 129 | 223 | 9 3/8 | 5 1/16 | 8 13/16 |
51R | 238 | 129 | 223 | 9 3/8 | 5 1/16 | 8 13/16 |
52 | 186 | 147 | 210 | 7 5/16 | 5 13/16 | 8 1/4 |
53 | 330 | 119 | 210 | 13 | 4 11/16 | 8 1/4 |
54 | 186 | 154 | 212 | 7 5/16 | 6 1/16 | 8 3/8 |
55 | 218 | 154 | 212 | 8 5/8 | 6 1/16 | 8 3/8 |
56 | 254 | 154 | 222 | 10 | 6 1/16 | 8 3/8 |
57 | 205 | 183 | 177 | 8 1/16 | 7 3/16 | 6 15/16 |
58 | 255 | 183 | 177 | 10 1/16 | 7 3/16 | 6 15/16 |
58R | 255 | 183 | 177 | 10 1/16 | 7 3/16 | 6 15/16 |
59 | 255 | 193 | 196 | 10 1/16 | 7 5/8 | 7 3/4 |
60 | 332 | 160 | 225 | 13 1/16 | 6 5/16 | 8 7/8 |
61 | 192 | 162 | 225 | 7 9/16 | 6 3/8 | 8 7/8 |
62 | 225 | 162 | 225 | 8 7/8 | 6 3/8 | 8 7/8 |
63 | 258 | 162 | 225 | 10 3/16 | 6 3/8 | 8 7/8 |
64 | 296 | 162 | 225 | 11 11/16 | 6 3/8 | 8 7/8 |
65 | 306 | 190 | 292 | 12 1/16 | 7 1/2 | 7 9/16 |
70 | 208 | 179 | 196 | 8 3/16 | 7 1/16 | 7 11/16 |
71 | 208 | 179 | 216 | 8 3/16 | 7 1/16 | 8 1/2 |
72 | 230 | 179 | 210 | 9 1/16 | 7 1/16 | 8 1/4 |
73 | 230 | 179 | 216 | 9 1/16 | 7 1/16 | 8 1/2 |
74 | 260 | 184 | 222 | 10 1/4 | 7 1/4 | 8 3/4 |
75 | 230 | 179 | 196 | 9 1/16 | 7 1/16 | 7 11/16 |
76 | 334 | 179 | 216 | 13 1/8 | 7 1/16 | 8 1/2 |
78 | 260 | 179 | 196 | 10 1/4 | 7 1/16 | 7 11/16 |
85 | 230 | 173 | 203 | 9 1/16 | 6 13/16 | 8 |
86 | 230 | 173 | 203 | 9 1/16 | 6 13/16 | 8 |
90 | 246 | 175 | 175 | 9 11/16 | 6 7/8 | 6 7/8 |
91 | 280 | 175 | 175 | 11 | 6 7/8 | 6 7/8 |
92 | 317 | 175 | 175 | 12 1/2 | 6 7/8 | 6 7/8 |
93 | 354 | 175 | 175 | 15 | 6 7/8 | 6 7/8 |
95R | 394 | 175 | 190 | 15 9/16 | 6 7/8 | 7 1/2 |
96R | 242 | 173 | 175 | 9 9/16 | 6 13/16 | 6 7/8 |
97R | 252 | 175 | 190 | 9 15/16 | 6 7/8 | 7 1/2 |
98R | 283 | 175 | 190 | 11 3/16 | 6 7/8 | 7 1/2 |